用户管理,JWT验证,评论回复

article/models.py

@@ -41,9 +41,13 @@ class Article(models.Model):
 
     # 作者
     author = models.ForeignKey(
-        User,
+        User,  # 父表
         null=True,
         on_delete=models.CASCADE,
+        # 一个作者可以对应多篇文章，作者是文章的一个外键
+        # 访问一个作者的所有文章可以用user.article_set.all()
+        # 也可以用到下面的related_name, user.articles.all(),和上面的语句作用相同
+        # 两者不能同时使用
         related_name='articles'
         )
 

article/urls.py

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-from django.urls import path
-from article import views
-
-app_name = 'article'
-
-urlpatterns = [
-    path('', views.ArticleList.as_view(), name='list'),
-    path('<int:pk>/', views.ArticleDetail.as_view(), name='detail')
-]

comment/migrations/0002_comment_parent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Generated by Django 4.1.1 on 2022-09-24 18:36
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+import django.db.models.deletion
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    dependencies = [
+        ('comment', '0001_initial'),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.AddField(
+            model_name='comment',
+            name='parent',
+            field=models.ForeignKey(blank=True, null=True, on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.SET_NULL, related_name='children', to='comment.comment'),
+        ),
+    ]

comment/models.py

@@ -5,6 +5,13 @@ from django.contrib.auth.models import User
 
 
 class Comment(models.Model):
+    parent = models.ForeignKey(
+        'self',
+        null=True,
+        blank=True,
+        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
+        related_name='children',
+    )
     # 评论人
     author = models.ForeignKey(
         User,

comment/permissions.py

@@ -24,3 +24,4 @@ class IsOwnerOrReadOnly(BasePermission):
             lambda: obj.author == request.user  # 验证当前评论的作者和当前登录的用户是否为同一个人
         )
 
+

comment/serializers.py

@@ -3,13 +3,41 @@ from user_info.serializers import UserDescSerializer
 from comment.models import Comment
 
 
+class CommentChildrenSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
+    url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='comment-detail')
+    author = UserDescSerializer(read_only=True)
+
+    class Meta:
+        model = Comment
+        exclude = [  # 不需要的字段
+            'parent',
+            'article',
+        ]
+
+
 class CommentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
     """评论的序列化器"""
+    # HyperlinkedIdentityField用于自身
     url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='comment-detail')
     author = UserDescSerializer(read_only=True)
+    # 设置为超链接，HyperlinkedRelatedField用于对外键关系
+    article = serializers.HyperlinkedRelatedField(view_name='article-detail', read_only=True)
+    # 需要知道是哪篇文章的评论
+    article_id = serializers.IntegerField(write_only=True, allow_null=False, required=True)
+    # parent为父评论
+    parent = CommentChildrenSerializer(read_only=True)
+    # 本身是父评论则不需要该字段
+    parent_id = serializers.IntegerField(write_only=True, allow_null=True, required=False)
 
     class Meta:
         model = Comment
         fields = '__all__'
         extra_kwargs = {'created': {'read_only': True}}
 
+    # 父评论只能在创建时被关联，后续不能更改
+    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
+        validated_data.pop('parent_id', None)  # 更新时忽略parent_id参数
+        validated_data.pop('article_id', None)  # 更新时忽略article_id参数
+        return super(CommentSerializer, self).update(instance, validated_data)
+
+

drf_vue_blog/settings.py

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 import os
+from datetime import timedelta
+
 # Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
 BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
 
@@ -120,6 +122,9 @@ REST_FRAMEWORK = {
     'PAGE_SIZE': 5,
     # 使用django-filter后端过滤引擎
     'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS': ['django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend'],
+    # 'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
+    #     'rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication.JWTAuthentication',
+    # ),
 }
 
 # 媒体文件
@@ -127,3 +132,10 @@ MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
 MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
 
 DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
+
+#
+
+# SIMPLE_JWT = {
+#     'ACCESS_TOKEN_LIFETIME': timedelta(days=1),  # 令牌有效时间为1天
+#     'REFRESH_TOKEN_LIFETIME': timedelta(days=10),  # 令牌每10天刷新一次
+# }

drf_vue_blog/urls.py

@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@ from article import views
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.conf.urls.static import static
 from comment.views import CommentViewSet
+from user_info.views import UserViewSet
+from rest_framework_simplejwt.views import (
+    TokenObtainPairView,
+    TokenRefreshView,
+)
 
 router = DefaultRouter()
 router.register(r'article', views.ArticleViewSet)
@@ -12,12 +17,14 @@ router.register(r'category', views.CategoryViewSet)
 router.register(r'tag', views.TagViewSet)
 router.register(r'avatar', views.AvatarViewSet)
 router.register(r'comment', CommentViewSet)
+router.register(r'user', UserViewSet)
 
 urlpatterns = [
     path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
     path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls')),
-    path('api/', include(router.urls))
-    # path('api/article/', include('article.urls', namespace='article')),
+    path('api/', include(router.urls)),
+    path('api/token/', TokenObtainPairView.as_view(), name='token_obtain_pair'),  # 获取token
+    path('api/token/refresh/', TokenRefreshView.as_view(), name='token_refresh'),  # 刷新token
 ]
 
 # 把媒体文件的路由注册了

user_info/permissions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission, SAFE_METHODS
+
+
+class IsSelfOrReadOnly(BasePermission):
+
+    def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
+        if request.method in SAFE_METHODS:
+            return True
+        """确保非安全方法只能由本人操作"""
+        return obj == request.user

user_info/serializers.py

@@ -13,3 +13,44 @@ class UserDescSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
             # 'last_login',
             # 'date_joined'
         ]
+
+
+class UserRegisterSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
+    # lookup_field字段将作为url中的地址
+    url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='user-detail', lookup_field='username')
+
+    class Meta:
+        model = User
+        fields = [
+            'url',
+            'id',
+            'username',
+            'password',
+        ]
+        extra_kwargs = {
+            'password': {'write_only': True}
+        }
+
+    def create(self, validated_data):
+        user = User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
+        return user
+
+    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
+        if 'password' in validated_data:
+            password = validated_data.pop('password')  # 对密码加密后再存入数据库
+            instance.set_password(password)
+        return super().update(instance, validated_data)
+
+
+class UserDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
+    class Meta:
+        model = User
+        fields = [
+            'id',
+            'username',
+            'last_name',
+            'first_name',
+            'email',
+            'last_login',
+            'date_joined',
+        ]

user_info/views.py

@@ -1,3 +1,44 @@
-from django.shortcuts import render
+from django.contrib.auth.models import User
+from rest_framework import viewsets
+from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny, IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly
 
-# Create your views here.
+from user_info.serializers import UserRegisterSerializer
+from user_info.permissions import IsSelfOrReadOnly
+
+from rest_framework.decorators import action
+from rest_framework.response import Response
+from user_info.serializers import UserDetailSerializer
+
+
+class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
+    queryset = User.objects.all()
+    serializer_class = UserRegisterSerializer
+    lookup_field = 'username'  # 和UserRegisterSerializer中的url中lookup_field对应
+
+    # http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/user/admin/info/
+    @action(detail=True, methods=['get'])
+    def info(self, request, username=None):
+        queryset = User.objects.get(username=username)
+        serializer = UserDetailSerializer(queryset, many=False)
+        return Response(serializer.data)
+
+    # http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/user/sorted/
+    @action(detail=False)
+    def sorted(self, request):
+        users = User.objects.all().order_by('-username')
+        # 是否分页
+        page = self.paginate_queryset(users)
+        if page is not None:
+            serializer = self.get_serializer(page, many=True)
+            return self.get_paginated_response(serializer.data)
+        serializer = self.get_serializer(users, many=True)
+        return Response(serializer.data)
+
+    def get_permissions(self):
+        # 注册用户的POST请求是允许所有人都可以操作的
+        if self.request.method == 'POST':
+            self.permission_classes = [AllowAny]
+        else:
+            self.permission_classes = [IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly, IsSelfOrReadOnly]
+
+            return super(UserViewSet, self).get_permissions()